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background

Description

The background property for CSS is shorthand for background-attachment, background-clip, background-color, background-image, background-position, and background-repeat.

Syntax

CSS

background: value;

JS

object.style.background = "value";

Values

<'background'> = <bg-layer># , <final-bg-layer>
<bg-layer> = <bg-image> || <bg-position> [ / <bg-size> ]? || <repeat-style> || <attachment> || <box> || <box>
<bg-image> = <image> | none
<image> = <url> | <gradient>
<url> = url( <string> <url-modifier>* )
<string>

Specifies a sequence of characters delimited by double quotes (") or single quotes (').

<url-modifier>

Changes the meaning or the interpretation of the URL.

<gradient> = <linear-gradient()> | <repeating-linear-gradient()> | <radial-gradient()> | <repeating-radial-gradient()>
<linear-gradient()> = linear-gradient( [ <angle> | to <side-or-corner> ]? , <color-stop-list> )
<angle>
deg

Degrees. There are 360 degrees in a full circle.

grad

Gradians, also known as "gons" or "grades". There are 400 gradians in a full circle.

rad

Radians. There are 2p radians in a full circle.

turn

Turns. There is 1 turn in a full circle.

<side-or-corner> = [left | right] || [top | bottom]
left

Left.

right

Right.

top

Top.

bottom

Bottom.

<color-stop-list> = <linear-color-stop> , [ <linear-color-hint>? , <linear-color-stop> ]#
<linear-color-stop> = <color> && <length-percentage>?
<color>

Specifies the color using a keyword or a numerical specification.

<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<linear-color-hint> = <length-percentage>
<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<repeating-linear-gradient()> = linear-gradient( [ <angle> | to <side-or-corner> ]? , <color-stop-list> )
<angle>
deg

Degrees. There are 360 degrees in a full circle.

grad

Gradians, also known as "gons" or "grades". There are 400 gradians in a full circle.

rad

Radians. There are 2p radians in a full circle.

turn

Turns. There is 1 turn in a full circle.

<side-or-corner> = [left | right] || [top | bottom]
left

Left.

right

Right.

top

Top.

bottom

Bottom.

<color-stop-list> = <linear-color-stop> , [ <linear-color-hint>? , <linear-color-stop> ]#
<linear-color-stop> = <color> && <length-percentage>?
<color>

Specifies the color using a keyword or a numerical specification.

<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<linear-color-hint> = <length-percentage>
<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<radial-gradient()> = radial-gradient( [ <ending-shape> || <size> ]? [ at <position> ]? , <color-stop-list> )
<ending-shape>

Determines whether the gradient's ending shape is a circle or an ellipse.

<size>

Determines the size of the gradient's ending shape.

<position> = [ [ left | center | right ] || [ top | center | bottom ] | [ left | center | right | <length-percentage> ] [ top | center | bottom | <length-percentage> ]? | [ [ left | right ] <length-percentage> ] && [ [ top | bottom ] <length-percentage> ] ]
left

Left.

center

Center.

right

Right.

top

Top.

bottom

Bottom.

<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<color-stop-list> = <linear-color-stop> , [ <linear-color-hint>? , <linear-color-stop> ]#
<linear-color-stop> = <color> && <length-percentage>?
<color>

Specifies the color using a keyword or a numerical specification.

<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<linear-color-hint> = <length-percentage>
<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<repeating-radial-gradient()> = radial-gradient( [ <ending-shape> || <size> ]? [ at <position> ]? , <color-stop-list> )
<ending-shape>

Determines whether the gradient's ending shape is a circle or an ellipse.

<size>

Determines the size of the gradient's ending shape.

<position> = [ [ left | center | right ] || [ top | center | bottom ] | [ left | center | right | <length-percentage> ] [ top | center | bottom | <length-percentage> ]? | [ [ left | right ] <length-percentage> ] && [ [ top | bottom ] <length-percentage> ] ]
left

Left.

center

Center.

right

Right.

top

Top.

bottom

Bottom.

<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<color-stop-list> = <linear-color-stop> , [ <linear-color-hint>? , <linear-color-stop> ]#
<linear-color-stop> = <color> && <length-percentage>?
<color>

Specifies the color using a keyword or a numerical specification.

<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<linear-color-hint> = <length-percentage>
<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

none

An image layer but draws nothing.

<bg-position> = [ left | center | right | top | bottom | <length-percentage> ] | [ left | center | right | <length-percentage> ] [ top | center | bottom | <length-percentage> ] | [ center | [ left | right ] <length-percentage>? ] && [ center | [ top | bottom ] <length-percentage>? ]
left

Computes to 0% for the horizontal position if one or two values are given. Otherwise, specifies the left edge as the origin for the next offset.

center

Computes to 50% for the horizontal position if the horizontal position is not specified. Otherwise, specifies 50% for the vertical position.

right

Computes to 100% for the horizontal position if one or two values are given. Otherwise, specifies the right edge as the origin for the next offset.

top

Computes to 0% for the vertical position if one or two values are given. Otherwise, specifies the top edge as the origin for the next offset.

bottom

Computes to 100% for the vertical position if one or two values are given. Otherwise, specifies the bottom edge as the origin for the next offset.

<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<bg-size> = [ <length-percentage [0,∞]> | auto ]{1,2} | cover | contain
<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

auto

Automatically specified by the user agent.

cover

Scale the image, while preserving its intrinsic aspect ratio (if any), to the smallest size such that both its width and its height can completely cover the background positioning area.

contain

Scale the image, while preserving its intrinsic aspect ratio (if any), to the largest size such that both its width and its height can fit inside the background positioning area.

<repeat-style> = repeat-x | repeat-y | [repeat | space | round | no-repeat]{1,2}
repeat-x

The image is repeated in the horizontal direction as often as needed to cover the background painting area.

repeat-y

The image is repeated in the vertical direction as often as needed to cover the background painting area.

repeat

The image is repeated in the horizontal and vertical direction as often as needed to cover the background painting area.

space

The image is repeated as often as will fit within the background positioning area without being clipped and then the images are spaced out to fill the area.

round

The image is repeated as often as will fit within the background positioning area. If it doesn't fit a whole number of times, it is rescaled so that it does.

no-repeat

The image is placed once and not repeated in this direction.

<attachment> = scroll | fixed | local
scroll

The background is fixed with regard to the element itself.

fixed

The background is fixed with regard to the viewport.

local

The background is fixed with regard to the element's contents.

<box> = border-box | padding-box | content-box
border-box

Area within the border box.

padding-box

Area within the padding box.

content-box

Area within the content box.

<final-bg-layer> = <'background-color'> || <bg-image> || <bg-position> [ / <bg-size> ]? || <repeat-style> || <attachment> || <box> || <box>
<'background-color'> = <color>
<color>

Specifies the color using a keyword or a numerical specification.

<bg-image> = <image> | none
<image> = <url> | <gradient>
<url> = url( <string> <url-modifier>* )
<string>

Specifies a sequence of characters delimited by double quotes (") or single quotes (').

<url-modifier>

Changes the meaning or the interpretation of the URL.

<gradient> = <linear-gradient()> | <repeating-linear-gradient()> | <radial-gradient()> | <repeating-radial-gradient()>
<linear-gradient()> = linear-gradient( [ <angle> | to <side-or-corner> ]? , <color-stop-list> )
<angle>
deg

Degrees. There are 360 degrees in a full circle.

grad

Gradians, also known as "gons" or "grades". There are 400 gradians in a full circle.

rad

Radians. There are 2p radians in a full circle.

turn

Turns. There is 1 turn in a full circle.

<side-or-corner> = [left | right] || [top | bottom]
left

Left.

right

Right.

top

Top.

bottom

Bottom.

<color-stop-list> = <linear-color-stop> , [ <linear-color-hint>? , <linear-color-stop> ]#
<linear-color-stop> = <color> && <length-percentage>?
<color>

Specifies the color using a keyword or a numerical specification.

<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<linear-color-hint> = <length-percentage>
<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<repeating-linear-gradient()> = linear-gradient( [ <angle> | to <side-or-corner> ]? , <color-stop-list> )
<angle>
deg

Degrees. There are 360 degrees in a full circle.

grad

Gradians, also known as "gons" or "grades". There are 400 gradians in a full circle.

rad

Radians. There are 2p radians in a full circle.

turn

Turns. There is 1 turn in a full circle.

<side-or-corner> = [left | right] || [top | bottom]
left

Left.

right

Right.

top

Top.

bottom

Bottom.

<color-stop-list> = <linear-color-stop> , [ <linear-color-hint>? , <linear-color-stop> ]#
<linear-color-stop> = <color> && <length-percentage>?
<color>

Specifies the color using a keyword or a numerical specification.

<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<linear-color-hint> = <length-percentage>
<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<radial-gradient()> = radial-gradient( [ <ending-shape> || <size> ]? [ at <position> ]? , <color-stop-list> )
<ending-shape>

Determines whether the gradient's ending shape is a circle or an ellipse.

<size>

Determines the size of the gradient's ending shape.

<position> = [ [ left | center | right ] || [ top | center | bottom ] | [ left | center | right | <length-percentage> ] [ top | center | bottom | <length-percentage> ]? | [ [ left | right ] <length-percentage> ] && [ [ top | bottom ] <length-percentage> ] ]
left

Left.

center

Center.

right

Right.

top

Top.

bottom

Bottom.

<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<color-stop-list> = <linear-color-stop> , [ <linear-color-hint>? , <linear-color-stop> ]#
<linear-color-stop> = <color> && <length-percentage>?
<color>

Specifies the color using a keyword or a numerical specification.

<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<linear-color-hint> = <length-percentage>
<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<repeating-radial-gradient()> = radial-gradient( [ <ending-shape> || <size> ]? [ at <position> ]? , <color-stop-list> )
<ending-shape>

Determines whether the gradient's ending shape is a circle or an ellipse.

<size>

Determines the size of the gradient's ending shape.

<position> = [ [ left | center | right ] || [ top | center | bottom ] | [ left | center | right | <length-percentage> ] [ top | center | bottom | <length-percentage> ]? | [ [ left | right ] <length-percentage> ] && [ [ top | bottom ] <length-percentage> ] ]
left

Left.

center

Center.

right

Right.

top

Top.

bottom

Bottom.

<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<color-stop-list> = <linear-color-stop> , [ <linear-color-hint>? , <linear-color-stop> ]#
<linear-color-stop> = <color> && <length-percentage>?
<color>

Specifies the color using a keyword or a numerical specification.

<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<linear-color-hint> = <length-percentage>
<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

none

An image layer but draws nothing.

<bg-position> = [ left | center | right | top | bottom | <length-percentage> ] | [ left | center | right | <length-percentage> ] [ top | center | bottom | <length-percentage> ] | [ center | [ left | right ] <length-percentage>? ] && [ center | [ top | bottom ] <length-percentage>? ]
left

Computes to 0% for the horizontal position if one or two values are given. Otherwise, specifies the left edge as the origin for the next offset.

center

Computes to 50% for the horizontal position if the horizontal position is not specified. Otherwise, specifies 50% for the vertical position.

right

Computes to 100% for the horizontal position if one or two values are given. Otherwise, specifies the right edge as the origin for the next offset.

top

Computes to 0% for the vertical position if one or two values are given. Otherwise, specifies the top edge as the origin for the next offset.

bottom

Computes to 100% for the vertical position if one or two values are given. Otherwise, specifies the bottom edge as the origin for the next offset.

<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

<bg-size> = [ <length-percentage [0,∞]> | auto ]{1,2} | cover | contain
<length-percentage> =
    <length> |
    <percentage>
<length>

Specifies the length using a number followed by a unit of measurement.

<percentage>

Specifies the percentage using a number followed by a percent sign (%).

auto

Automatically specified by the user agent.

cover

Scale the image, while preserving its intrinsic aspect ratio (if any), to the smallest size such that both its width and its height can completely cover the background positioning area.

contain

Scale the image, while preserving its intrinsic aspect ratio (if any), to the largest size such that both its width and its height can fit inside the background positioning area.

<repeat-style> = repeat-x | repeat-y | [repeat | space | round | no-repeat]{1,2}
repeat-x

The image is repeated in the horizontal direction as often as needed to cover the background painting area.

repeat-y

The image is repeated in the vertical direction as often as needed to cover the background painting area.

repeat

The image is repeated in the horizontal and vertical direction as often as needed to cover the background painting area.

space

The image is repeated as often as will fit within the background positioning area without being clipped and then the images are spaced out to fill the area.

round

The image is repeated as often as will fit within the background positioning area. If it doesn't fit a whole number of times, it is rescaled so that it does.

no-repeat

The image is placed once and not repeated in this direction.

<attachment> = scroll | fixed | local
scroll

The background is fixed with regard to the element itself.

fixed

The background is fixed with regard to the viewport.

local

The background is fixed with regard to the element's contents.

<box> = border-box | padding-box | content-box
border-box

Area within the border box.

padding-box

Area within the padding box.

content-box

Area within the content box.

Examples

1 · background-attachment · fixed

2 · background-attachment · local

3 · background-attachment · scroll

4 · background-attachment · JS

5 · background-clip · border-box

6 · background-clip · padding-box

7 · background-clip · content-box

8 · background-clip · text

9 · background-clip · JS

10 · background-color · color

11 · background-color · JS

12 · background-image · image · url

13 · background-image · image · gradient · linear-gradient

14 · background-image · image · gradient · radial-gradient

15 · background-image · none

16 · background-image · JS

17 · background-position · bottom

18 · background-position · center

19 · background-position · left

20 · background-position · length

21 · background-position · percentage

22 · background-position · right

23 · background-position · top

24 · background-position · JS

25 · background-repeat · no-repeat

26 · background-repeat · repeat

27 · background-repeat · repeat-x

28 · background-repeat · repeat-y

29 · background-repeat · round

30 · background-repeat · space

31 · background-repeat · JS